Bismika Allahuma Muslim Responses to Anti-Islam Polemics

Do Mus­lims Wor­ship The Black Stone of the Kaaba ?

Mohd Elfie Nieshaem Juferi

History | Bismika Allahuma Team | October 15, 2005
Do Muslims Worship The Black Stone of the Kaaba? 1

ExHin­du” (in response to an expla­na­tion regard­ing the Black Stone) wrote[dead link]:

    Give any expla­na­tion you want. I dont buy it. Arabs have been kiss­ing that rock long before Mo[sic]. I call that IDOL Wor­ship­ping. You can label me as Islam­o­phobe and I am proud that you give me that label. In the same man­ner, I anoint you a Hinduphobe. 

I find it rather iron­ic to see some­one who uses the moniker ExHin­du” accus­ing yours tru­ly of being a Hindu­phobe”. After all, what does the use of the Inter­net user­name ExHin­du” real­ly sig­ni­fy ? A case of the pot call­ing the ket­tle black, we can­not real­ly say. 

Nev­er­the­less, I believe that it is time that a response to this rather annoy­ing polemic about the nature of the Black Stone (al-Hajar al-Aswad) and its sig­nif­i­cance in Islam by those who have an axe to grind about Islam (or oth­er­wise known ten­der­ly as the Islam­o­pho­bics”) is final­ly needed. 

We will look at the com­mon alle­ga­tions about the Black Stone and then seek to address the mat­ters con­cerned, insha’Allah.

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Phys­i­cal Descrip­tion of the Black Stone (al-Hajar al-Aswad)

First, we shall describe the phys­i­cal nature of the Stone itself. The Black Stone (Ar : ٱلْحَجَرُ ٱلْأَسْوَد‎, al-Hajar al-Aswad) is built into the Kaa­ba wall, at the east­ern cor­ner of the Kaa­ba, about 5 ft. above the ground lev­el, not very far from the door of the Kaa­ba. The Kaa­ba itself can itself be described as a black box, which Mus­lims face in dai­ly prayers. 


Black Stone Kaaba

Mus­lims believe that the Black Stone was orig­i­nal­ly giv­en to Abra­ham, who built the Kaa­ba used the Black Stone as a cor­ner stone for the struc­ture. Abra­ham and Ish­mael taught the ear­ly Makkan Arabs monothe­ism ; after the pass­ing of Abra­ham and Ish­mael, the Makkan Arabs with time regressed into pagan prac­tices includ­ing idol wor­ship. They end­ed up hav­ing a pan­theon of gods, despite the orig­i­nal mes­sage of Abra­ham and Ish­mael which taught the ear­ly Arabs to wor­ship God alone (monothe­ism).Safi-ur-Rah­man Al-Mubarakpuri, Ar-Rahee­qul-Makhtum (Darus­salam, 2002), pp. 26 – 28

Going back to the Black Stone, it was orig­i­nal­ly a sin­gle piece of rock but today­con­sists of three large pieces and sev­er­al small frag­ments (in which it was for­mer­ly bro­ken) stuck togeth­er and sur­round­ed by a large ring of stone, which in turn is held togeth­er by a sil­ver band.

black stone front and side

Swiss trav­eller Johann Lud­wig Bur­ck­hardt vis­it­ed Mec­ca in 1814, and pro­vid­ed a detailed descrip­tion as follows :

It is an irreg­u­lar oval, about sev­en inch­es [18 cm] in diam­e­ter, with an undu­lat­ed sur­face, com­posed of about a dozen small­er stones of dif­fer­ent sizes and shapes, well joined togeth­er with a small quan­ti­ty of cement, and per­fect­ly well smoothed ; it looks as if the whole had been bro­ken into as many pieces by a vio­lent blow, and then unit­ed again. It is very dif­fi­cult to deter­mine accu­rate­ly the qual­i­ty of this stone which has been worn to its present sur­face by the mil­lions of touch­es and kiss­es it has received. It appeared to me like a lava, con­tain­ing sev­er­al small extra­ne­ous par­ti­cles of a whitish and of a yel­low sub­stance. Its colour is now a deep red­dish brown approach­ing to black. It is sur­round­ed on all sides by a bor­der com­posed of a sub­stance which I took to be a close cement of pitch and grav­el of a sim­i­lar, but not quite the same, brown­ish colour. This bor­der serves to sup­port its detached pieces ; it is two or three inch­es in breadth, and ris­es a lit­tle above the sur­face of the stone. Both the bor­der and the stone itself are encir­cled by a sil­ver band, broad­er below than above, and on the two sides, with a con­sid­er­able swelling below, as if a part of the stone were hid­den under it. The low­er part of the bor­der is stud­ded with sil­ver nails.Bur­ck­hardt, Johann Lud­wig (1829). Trav­els in Ara­bia, Com­pre­hend­ing an Account of Those Ter­ri­to­ries in Hed­jaz which the Mohammedans Regard as Sacred. Hen­ry Col­burn, New Burling­ton Street. p. 250

It was nar­rat­ed that Ibn Abbaas said : The Mes­sen­ger of Allah (peace and bless­ings of Allah be upon him) said : The Black Stone came down from Par­adise.“Nar­rat­ed by al-Tir­mid­hi, 877 ; al-Nasaa’i, 2935. The hadith was classed as saheeh by al-Tir­mid­hi.

Mate­r­i­al of the Black Stone

The mate­r­i­al of the Black Stone has not been pre­cise­ly deter­mined. It is some­times clas­si­fied as lava and some­times as basalt. The rea­son for this dif­fi­cul­ty is that its vis­i­ble sur­face is worn smooth by hand-touch­ing, etc.Refer, for exam­ple, to the pro­file sketch of the Black Stone giv­en by Ali Bey : Trav­els, Vol. ii (Lon­don 1816), p. 76, to note its sur­face hol­lowed out in undu­la­tions. Its esti­mat­ed diam­e­ter is approx­i­mate­ly 12See al-Bata­nuni, al-Rih­la al-Hazi­ah, Cairo (1329 AH), p. 105. Its colour is red­dish black with red and yel­low particles.

silver frame around the black stone

Some Islam­o­phobes have begun a base­less attack on the appear­ance of the Black Stone by alleg­ing that it looks like a vagi­na in order to insult Mus­lims. The sil­ver frame around the Black Stone were for cen­turies main­tained by the Ottoman Sul­tans in their role as Cus­to­di­an of the Two Holy Mosques. This sil­ver frame is a mod­ern addi­tion and the struc­ture look dough­nut shaped as a result. The frames wore out over time due to the con­stant han­dling by pil­grims and were peri­od­i­cal­ly replaced. 

It is report­ed that when the Prophet Muham­mad(P) entered the city of Makkah as a vic­to­ri­ous leader, there were 360 idols around the Kaa­baSee Sahih Bukhari, Vol­ume 5, Book 59, Num­ber 583 (Muhsin Khan’s tr.). The Prophet(P) then had the For­bid­den Sanc­tu­ary (the precinct around the Kaa­ba prop­er) cleansed of all these idols and pro­claimed Monothe­ism in its true, most ele­vat­ed and pris­tine form. 

Thus say­ing that Mus­lims wor­ship the Black Stone as an idol” is clear­ly the most absurd thing ever pro­nounced in the his­to­ry of mankind.

Sig­nif­i­cance of the Black Stone

From a phys­i­cal per­spec­tive, there­fore, the Black Stone does not have any spe­cial sig­nif­i­cance or importance. 

Umar(R), lat­er to become the sec­ond Caliph of Islam, is report­ed to have said that he ful­ly real­ized that the Black Stone was mere­ly a stone and thus had no pow­er of its own to harm or ben­e­fit any­oneSee this state­ment in var­i­ous nar­ra­tives, such as : Sahih Bukhari, Vol­ume 2, Book 26, Num­bers 667, 675 (Muhsin Khan’s tr.); Sahih Mus­lim, Book 007, Num­ber 2914 (Abdul Hamid Sid­diqui’s tr.); Sunan an-Nasa’i (Ara­bic ver­sion), Vol. ii, p. 38, etc..

As for the rea­sons as to why we have the Black Stone in the wall of the Kaa­ba, we read about the fol­low­ing rea­sons, that :

    (a) it sym­bol­izes the start­ing-point dur­ing the cir­cum­am­bu­la­tion of the Ka’abah, thus facil­i­tat­ing the remem­brance of the num­ber of circumambulations.
    (b) at this point, the Mus­lims, who are close to the Kaa­ba (dur­ing their cir­cum­am­bu­la­tion) touch the stone, while those who are away from it, raise their hands towards it, sym­bol­iz­ing the renew­al of their pledge of alle­giance with the Lord of the Kaa­ba. In this sym­bol­ic expres­sion, the Black Stone is tak­en as a sym­bol of an oath on the hand of God.See the details of this point in M. Hamidul­lah, Intro­duc­tion to Islam, para­graph 181/​a, Karachi 1969

And with this, it is clear that this base­less asser­tion of Islam­o­phobes is refut­ed. And only God knows best ! Do Muslims Worship The Black Stone of the Kaaba? 2

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23 comments on “Do Mus­lims Wor­ship The Black Stone of the Kaaba ?

  1. Ankhorite

    Abudul­lah said on July 7 2007 : and i like Emilia’s exam­ple of the bread and jesus’s body. i believe it’s called eucharist ? eat­ing the eucharist doesn’t mean they’re wor­ship­ing it.”

    Actu­al­ly, yes, for Catholics, it does. Catholics are required to believe in the doc­trine of Tran­sub­stan­ti­a­tion — that is, that dur­ing the Mass, the wafer —actu­al­ly becomes— the body of Jesus. So the wafer is held up for the for­mal ado­ra­tion of the con­gre­ga­tion ; it is for­mal­ly and offi­cial­ly wor­shiped before it is consumed.

    This is not con­sid­ered idol­a­try by Catholics because, to true believ­ers, the bread is no longer bread. For a believ­ing Catholic, the con­se­crat­ed bread wafer is Jesus and Jesus is God. Abdul­lah is right, after con­se­cra­tion (the rit­u­al bless­ing that believ­ers think caus­es tran­sub­stan­ti­a­tion) the wafer is called the Eucharist (which is cap­i­tal­ized the way the word god” is cap­i­tal­ized by reli­gious peo­ple, since it is believed to be Jesus him­self, and not mere bread any more).

    I do not know how most Protes­tants han­dle this issue. I think Angli­cans (Epis­co­palians) have the same doc­trine of tran­sub­stan­ti­a­tion that Catholics do, but I don’t know about Luther­ans, Bap­tists, etc.

    I am very sur­prised by the shape of the sil­ver frame around the Black Stone. I know it’s not pos­si­ble, but I wish a tiny piece of the stone could be ana­lyzed by mod­ern science.

  2. Greham Norton

    Isnt it said that the stars are Gods weapons. Would it be log­i­cal to assume the rea­son for the black stone in the Kabaa is to stress this mes­sage. Its often been assumed the stone was a mete­orite although these has been no for­mal iden­ti­fi­ca­tion as yet.

  3. karmala pauli

    When you wor­ship some­thing, whether it is Allah, Jesus, Com­mu­nist Man­i­festo, Athe­ism etc., it gets into your head and an idol is formed. Or if you are a Hin­du or idol wor­ship­per, again, this idol is trans­ferred to your head, and after some time you start wor­ship­ping that idol in your head. This hap­pens irre­spec­tive of our reli­gion. This becomes so much entwined with our self image that in effect we are wor­ship­ping our­selves. That is why we get so angry when some­one says some­thing against our God. (It is just like some­one is call­ing your Moth­er names or ques­tion­ing your sex­u­al ori­en­ta­tion etc.)

    Even Mus­lims and Jews sim­ply wor­ship the idol they have cre­at­ed in their heads about Allah or Yahweh.

    The dan­ger is that they think that they are wor­ship­ping real God while they are wor­ship­ping themselves.

    But a per­son who is wor­ship­ping real God will be full of com­pas­sion. He will not have anger towards those who abuse his reli­gion, he will not pity them either, but he will have full com­pas­sion like Jesus nailed to cross prayed for for­give­ness for his per­se­cu­tors. Such peo­ple do not need reli­gion, they don’t have to study and inter­pret holy books.

    This idea, the sim­plest truth is unpalat­able to every­one. So I expect this post to be delet­ed by the administrator.

  4. proud to be muslim

    We wor­ship Allah s.w.t..we DONT wor­ship the stone.AND we do KISS our wife and kids.Islam is ruin now­days because of mankind itself​.In the old days, some of them pro­duce guessing,lying and oth­er untruth matters…which result­ing a conflict.Islam can be sim­ple to oth­ers and can be hard to some stu­pid human..Prophet MUHAMMAD S.A.W tells you to wor­ship ALLAH S.W.T and to do deeds and good things..even if you hate them..just like Prophet Isa(Jesus)did.This kind of atti­tude makes every­body loves him and bad guys envy­ing him.Your Jesus is our prophet Isa a.s., except that bible has been altered.GOD DOESNT HAVESON..NOR IT PRODUCE THEM.He is the source and nutri­ent Himself.That stone is noth­ing but a stone..it does­nt matter.Even if it is from heaven,a mus­lim should still wor­ship the Mak­er Himself…not some stone..

  5. Philippine Crusader

    Would you rather have your Allah who tells you to kill me in order to go to Heav­en or my Jesus who tells me to love you because I am going to Heav­en and wants you to be with me?”

  6. Charles Wallace

    This seems a sim­ple mat­ter, and it’s unfor­tu­nate that some have aroused such enmi­ty about it.

    It is pos­si­ble to ven­er­ate a sacred object, yet not wor­ship it. This is not too com­pli­cat­ed to understand.

    Chris­tians are enjoined from wor­ship­ping idols (as in the Ten Com­mand­ments). Nev­er­the­less it is not unusu­al for church­es or oth­er Chris­t­ian orga­ni­za­tions to dis­play elab­o­rate cru­ci­fix­es which vivid­ly por­tray the suf­fer­ing of Jesus Christ. Images of the Vir­gin Mary are also numer­ous (par­tic­u­lar­ly in Catholic settings).

    A minor­i­ty of Chris­t­ian sects con­sid­er these images to be idol­a­trous. But most Chris­tians do not, on the grounds that while these sym­bols are mean­ing­ful and intend­ed to set a tone of seri­ous rev­er­ence, the sym­bols are not objects of wor­ship in and of themselves.

    Sim­i­lar­ly the Jew­ish peo­ple con­sid­er the West­ern Wall (rem­nant of the Sec­ond Tem­ple) to be holy and may observe rites when vis­it­ing there, but again they wor­ship their Lord and not the sym­bol of the Divine.

    It is too easy to regard oth­ers’ tra­di­tions as odd, yet not real­ize that their own tra­di­tions may appear equal­ly unusu­al from the point-of-view of those who have always observed dif­fer­ent teachings.

  7. nikhilnair

    Mohammed said idol wor­ship was bad and only one god shud be worshipped

    rea­son (1) the exist­ing reli­gion (not known which…not chris­tian­i­ty and judaism) prob­a­bly wor­shipped idols…he per­haps want­ed the reli­gion he foorme d to look dif­fer­ent with its own iden­ti­ty and there by increase hiss milege among the followers.

    on idol worship…idol is sym­bol­ised as God in Hinduism..God’s aura is being brought into an idol by by cer­tain pro­ce­dures that has been fol­lowed from 5000 odd years from the vedas.

    no body can monop­o­lise say­ing that idol wor­ship is wrong and his reli­gion is the real and true one. God can’t be monop­o­lised just by say­ing that mohammed was sent mssages from God.

    those are all absurd that matched the things of those times when men were nomads.

  8. John

    Reply to g on Jun 42007

    If you don’t wor­ship the stone why do you kiss it ?

    Some­times I kiss my wife ! ;) Is it because I wor­ship her ?

    Did muhammed kiss the stone ?

    Yeah !

    If he did, then isn’t this rit­u­al done out of emulation…

    Cer­tain­ly, This rit­u­al is done out of emu­la­tion of Muham­mad peace and bless­ings be upon him

    …and thus idol­is­ing muhammed ?

    I can’t under­stand how could it become idol­is­ing him. Muham­mad peace and bless­ings be upon him was just a man. Once he walked on the sur­face of this earth. But he died about 1400 year ago. Muham­mad had to eat, drink and sleep just like any of us. But he had a mis­sion from God, almighty. That mis­sion was to teach us about every­thing a human being has to do, to get eter­nal sal­va­tion. He com­plet­ed his mis­sion with ulti­mate respon­si­bil­i­ty. No human being could attain such a mag­nif­i­cent per­fec­tion in his life as Muham­mad. How­ev­er Mus­lims are expect­ed to imi­tate him in every aspect of our life. Or sim­ply, a man who imi­tate Muham­mad peace and bless­ings be upon him in every aspect of his life is called a Mus­lim. A man who fol­low Moses, Jesus or any oth­er prophets (peace and bless­ings be upon them all) is called a Mus­lim. A man who wor­ship Moses, Jesus or Muham­mad (peace and bless­ings be upon them all) is out­side the fold of Islam.

    I’m not an islama­phobe or what­ev­er but I think that there are cracks in Islam. I also feel that if you want to stop hav­ing to call peo­ple islama­phobes more should be done to edu­cate the uneducated.

    You _​think_​that there are cracks in Islam. But ARE YOU SURE ? Could you PROVE it ? If you r gonna prove it. Is there a need to study Islam from the horse’s mouth ? Yes, STUDY ISLAM FROM IT’S SOURCE NOT FROM ANOTHER ISLAMOPHOBE. IF YOU DO THAT WE MUSLIMS ARE READY TO TAKE YOUR ARGUMENTS INTO FACE VALUE.

    NOT for the pur­pose of con­vert­ing the world, but to fur­ther gods inter­ests by unit­ing all dif­fer­ent faiths by way of want­i­ng, sin­cere­ly, to get to know each other.

    It is the duty of every Mus­lims to teach every­one about Islam. But it is not the duty of Mus­lims to con­vert every­one to Islam. We are com­mand­ed to debate with any­one, who wants to study Islam, in a way that is best. Mus­lims are nei­ther com­mand­ed to sud­den­ly stop a walk­ing man and teach him about Islam nor are they com­mand­ed to offer food and med­i­cine for a starv­ing per­son and ask him to con­vert to Islam.

    ——

    Pro­pa­gan­da does not deceive peo­ple ; it mere­ly helps them to deceive them­selves. [Eric Hoffer]

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