Monqiz As-Saqqar sheds light on the origins of jizya, its pre-Islamic usage and how it was practised in previous civilisations before the rise of Islam and contrasts it with the Islamic way of imposing jizya.
This study dismantles the al-zuṭṭ hadith polemic through close reading, lexicography, and narrative control. By restoring context to yarkabūn, examining transmission variants, and comparing Semitic parallels, it shows how innuendo translation exploits polysemy, suppresses closure, and manufactures scandal without historical warrant within disciplined philology and sober methodological limits alone here
Early Christianity lacked a single, unified theology. This article shows how later “orthodoxy” emerged through historical consolidation rather than original consensus.
The death of Muhammad ﷺ examined through Qur’anic language, hadith context, and history, exposing how poison claims rely on misreading sources.