The following is an excerpt taken from “Christianity and World Religions : Dialogue with Islam”, in Leonard Swidler (ed.), Muslims in Dialogue : The Evolution of A Dialogue, vol. 3 (The Edwin Mellen Press, 1992) by the Christian philosopher Hans Kung who conveys a Christian opinion on Prophet Muhammad (P). We do not neccessarily agree with everything that has been said here.
This study dismantles the al-zuṭṭ hadith polemic through close reading, lexicography, and narrative control. By restoring context to yarkabūn, examining transmission variants, and comparing Semitic parallels, it shows how innuendo translation exploits polysemy, suppresses closure, and manufactures scandal without historical warrant within disciplined philology and sober methodological limits alone here
Early Christianity lacked a single, unified theology. This article shows how later “orthodoxy” emerged through historical consolidation rather than original consensus.
The death of Muhammad ﷺ examined through Qur’anic language, hadith context, and history, exposing how poison claims rely on misreading sources.