Bismika Allahuma Muslim Responses to Anti-Islam Polemics

Lead­er­ship Qual­i­ties of Prophet Muhammad

M. Bakri Musa

Muhammad | Bismika Allahuma Team | April 11, 2006
Leadership Qualities of Prophet Muhammad 1

In pen­ning this essayAuthor’s note : The 12th of Rabi al Aww­al, the third month of the Mus­lim cal­en­dar, marks the birth­day of our Prophet Muham­mad(P). This year it falls on Tues­day, April 11th. This event is marked with great fan­fare in many Mus­lim coun­tries, Malaysia includ­ed. Else­where such cel­e­bra­tions are frowned upon. I am ful­ly aware of this con­tro­ver­sy in the Mus­lim world., a trib­ute to our Prophet Muham­mad(P), I am not cel­e­brat­ing” Maulud-ul Nabi as Chris­tians cel­e­brate Christ­mas, rather I am hon­our­ing him by remind­ing myself of the many exem­plary qual­i­ties of this Last Rasul of Allah. 

Allah in His Wis­dom did not choose His Last Mes­sen­ger ran­dom­ly. Long before Allah had cho­sen him, Muham­mad had already demon­strat­ed his noble and ster­ling char­ac­ter. He was Al Amin, the Trust­wor­thy, to his com­mu­ni­ty. In Prophet Muham­mad(P), Allah had an uswatun hasana (“the most beau­ti­ful pat­tern of con­duct”, Surah Al Ahz­ab, 33:21). There are numer­ous Quran­ic vers­es exhort­ing Mus­lims to emu­late this exem­plar of a human being. Exhor­ta­tions from the Holy Book aside, a man whose teach­ings are being fol­lowed by one in five peo­ple on this plan­et deserves attention.

On this Maulud al Nabi, the Prophet’s birth­day, Mus­lims re-live the Seer­ah (the ways and say­ings of the Prophet) to dis­cern their mean­ings. As not­ed by the writer Adil Salahi, the best way for Mus­lims to demon­strate their love for the Prophet(P) is by fol­low­ing his teach­ings, not by singing his praises.

Aping Ver­sus Emulating

Some set a very low bar for them­selves, con­tent with imi­tat­ing the super­fi­cial­i­ties of the man. Thus they are reduced to sport­ing long beards and unshaven faces and wear­ing loose clothes and over­sized tur­bans. That is the extent, noth­ing fur­ther. They are aping, not emu­lat­ing, the prophet.

Oth­ers think they have set a high­er stan­dard by mim­ic­k­ing the prophet in acquir­ing mul­ti­ple wives. They do not emu­late him for his skills in trad­ing, his rev­er­ence for knowl­edge, or his quest for learn­ing. Suf­fice that they could imi­tate the prophet only in that one respect. We do what we can with what we have, so they pious­ly assure them­selves as they indulge in their world­ly lust, all in the name of fol­low­ing the exam­ple of the Holy Prophet of course.

Alas, they are look­ing for lust in all the wrong Seer­ahs !

They con­ve­nient­ly for­get that the prophet remained monog­a­mous for over 25 years with his first wife, Khati­jah. His sub­se­quent mar­riages fol­low­ing her death were expres­sions of his char­i­ty, not lust. Thus his wives includ­ed sin­gle moth­ers and war wid­ows. Oth­er mar­riages were for cement­ing polit­i­cal rela­tion­ships, as was the tra­di­tion then. As a leader with a con­sid­er­able fol­low­ing, he could eas­i­ly have had his groupies, if lust were his intent.

Not sat­is­fied with the lim­i­ta­tions of four wives at a time, and ful­ly aware of the severe penal­ty for adul­tery pre­scribed in the Quran, many Mus­lims ingen­u­ous­ly resort to tem­po­rary mar­riages.” Tem­po­rary as in hours or min­utes, depend­ing on their prowess ! Sur­pris­ing­ly, there are kad­his (reli­gious offi­cials) who would sol­em­nize such mar­riages”, for a fee of course. In my part of the world, such indi­vid­u­als are called pimps.

In their obses­sion with the super­fi­cial­i­ties of the Prophet (P), his well-mean­ing admir­ers miss the essence of the man. This was a man cho­sen by Allah and who eman­ci­pat­ed the Arabs from their Age of Jahiliyah (Igno­rance), and then spread the faith that today is adhered to by over a bil­lion people.

Lead­er­ship Through Per­son­al Exam­ple : Qudhrat Hassanah 

The lead­er­ship qual­i­ties I find most admirable were his humil­i­ty, his recog­ni­tion of tal­ent, and his abil­i­ty to think counter-intu­itive, or out­side the box” as the cur­rent cliché would have it.

When the Prophet received his first rev­e­la­tion, he trem­bled with fear. He was ful­ly aware of the awe­some respon­si­bil­i­ty. So fear­ful was he that he could con­fide only to his wife Khati­jah. In an era where females gen­er­al­ly and wives, in par­tic­u­lar, were mere chat­tels of men, that he took her in con­fi­dence was remark­able. It reflect­ed his inner strength and con­fi­dence in judg­ment, regard­less of the pre­vail­ing norms. He trust­ed and respect­ed his wife, a rare trait in that time and place.

It also reflect­ed his deep humil­i­ty. Less­er mor­tals who thought they had been cho­sen by God would undoubt­ed­ly pro­claim that fact loud­ly for the world to hear, à la George Bush, Jr., or Pat Robertson.

True to his humil­i­ty, he preached ini­tial­ly only to his close fam­i­ly and friends. He was ful­ly aware that his mes­sage would lit­er­al­ly turn his soci­ety upside down, trans­form­ing it for the bet­ter. He risked divid­ing his com­mu­ni­ty in the process. He had no desire to destroy his com­mu­ni­ty in order to save it, to use a Viet­nam-era maxim.

Today’s lead­ers would do well to emu­late the Prophet?s appre­ci­a­tion and recog­ni­tion of tal­ent ? mer­i­toc­ra­cy in its pris­tine form. His clos­est com­pan­ions, lat­er to be Caliphs, were tru­ly wor­thy of the appel­la­tion, Rad­hi Allah anHu (May Allah Be Pleased with them).

Rec­og­niz­ing the beau­ti­ful voice of the hith­er­to slave, Bilal, the Prophet made him call the Azzan, a sin­gu­lar hon­our. The Azzan, beau­ti­ful­ly exe­cut­ed, gives me goose­bumps ; sim­ply hollered, it grates on the ears.

In the ear­ly days of his mis­sion, to spare his fol­low­ers’ per­se­cu­tion, he arranged for them to migrate to Abyssinia for their safe­ty. That was upper­most in his mind, a true leader. In a piv­otal bat­tle at Taif when he had the ene­my under siege, he could have eas­i­ly anni­hi­lat­ed them espe­cial­ly con­sid­er­ing that they had been bru­tal to him years ear­li­er. Instead, lis­ten­ing to the coun­sel of his lieu­tenant about the fox cor­nered in a hole, he left them alone. You could smoke out the ani­mal and destroy it, or you could leave it alone and it would do you no harm.

The peo­ple of Taif lat­er embraced Islam on their own voli­tion. The Prophet intu­itive­ly rec­og­nized that in fight­ing for your cause, first cre­ate no new adver­saries. A sim­ple les­son, but dif­fi­cult to learn. This is a les­son the world des­per­ate­ly needs to learn in bat­tling terrorism.

The Prophet(P) may have received the bless­ings and rev­e­la­tions from Allah, but he was not above lis­ten­ing to advice from his young subordinates.

In preach­ing, the Prophet was care­ful in ensur­ing that his fol­low­ers mem­o­rized only the divine rev­e­la­tions, not his com­men­taries. He for­bade what would be con­sid­ered today as a per­son­al­i­ty cult. Had he not done so, every Mus­lim home would be adorned with his por­trait, cities named after him, and stat­ues erect­ed in his hon­our. For added mea­sure, Mus­lims would be sport­ing amulets bear­ing his name or like­ness for pro­tec­tion and good luck charms.

The Prophet was no ordi­nary mor­tal, but a mor­tal nonethe­less. At the the­o­log­i­cal lev­el, this means Mus­lims do not believe in the rein­car­na­tion or the sec­ond com­ing. At the prac­ti­cal lev­el, that too has sig­nif­i­cance. While Mus­lims duly and prop­er­ly praise the prophet, we are care­ful not to deify the per­son or attribute per­fec­tion. Per­fec­tion is after all sole­ly the attribute of Allah.

At the per­son­al lev­el, the fact that the Prophet is a mor­tal means that his exem­plary qual­i­ties are with­in the capa­bil­i­ty of every one of us to fol­low. That is the beau­ty of our Prophet(P).

May the bless­ings of Allah be upon him, his fam­i­ly, and his Com­pan­ions as we hon­our him on this spe­cial day of the 12th of Rabi al Awwal.

Repro­duced with the per­mis­sion of the author. The author’s web­site may be accessed at www​.bakrimusa​.com


19 comments on “Lead­er­ship Qual­i­ties of Prophet Muhammad

  1. Khalid

    Assala­mu Alaykum,

    — — — — — regard­ing the 3 ele­ments of tawhid, why lim­it it to 3 ele­ments only, brother ? — — — — — –
    It isn’t. This is a mis­un­der­stand­ing on your part. There are numer­ous ways to clas­si­fy Tawheed, the three sub­di­vi­sion way is just one pop­u­lar way. Oth­er schol­ars (eg. Ibn Al-Qayy­im, Ibn Abu Al-Izz) have divid­ed it into two cat­e­gories — Tawheed Al-Ilmi and Tawheed Al-Amali. Each of these cat­e­gories is fur­ther divid­ed into three cat­e­gories for a total of six cat­e­gories. So cat­e­go­riza­tion and clas­sif­ca­tion of Tawheed has noth­ing to do with reli­gious inno­va­tion it is mere­ly a toold which aids in analysing and teach­ing the con­cept of Tawheed, just as clas­si­fy­ing dif­fer­ence Islam­ic sci­ences as Uloom Al-Qur’an, Usul Al-Hadith, usul Al-Fiqh, etc. helps in teach­ing and learn­ing the Islam­ic sciences.

    Clas­si­fi­ca­tion in and of itself can nev­er be innovation.

    — – why did not the prophet, peace be upon him, explain it that way ? isn?t it read­ing into his inten­tion as well ? — -
    As I already men­tioned broth­er, the Qur’an itself iden­ti­fies these dif­fer­ent components.
    —- why don?t we have tawhid of cre­ation, tawhid of mer­cy, tawhid of lord­ship, tawhid of omnipres­ence, tawhid of omnipotence — -
    All you have done here is fur­ther divide Tawheed Asmaa was-sifaat. If you think that is use­ful as a learn­ing tool, so be it, but it changes absolute­ly nothing.

    —- yet the prophet insist­ed on explain­ing tawhid as ?la ila­ha ila Allah, Muham­madur Rasul Allah?. — –
    That is not an expla­na­tion, just a statement,

    —-but the truth is, it was not done by the salaf, and it is a read­ing by imam ibn taymiyyah, which was emu­lat­ed by muham­mad ibn adul wahhab. — –
    Non­sense. I have men­tioned two oth­er past schol­ars who clas­si­fied Tawheed and there are hun­dreds more.

    And I already answered your ques­tion on the com­pi­la­tion of the Qur’an in my pre­vi­ous response.

    So like I said, if there was any val­ue in the annu­al cel­e­bra­tion of the Prophet’s birth­day the com­pan­ions would have done it. They did not.

    I’ve been sim­ply repeat­ing myself here and hav­ing said what needs to be said I don’t think I will reply here again unless there is a dif­fer­ent point raised which would mer­it a response.

    Wa alaykum as-salaam.

  2. Imran

    jaza­kAllah for your response bro aian.
    salaam

  3. aian jaafar

    let me cor­rect my state­ment, it was actu­al­ly broth­er khalid who answered my ques­tion with anoth­er ques­tion. my apolo­gies, broth­er imran.

  4. aian jaafar

    as salaa­mu alaykum brothers.

    broth­er imran, you answered my ques­tion with anoth­er ques­tion. if you noticed, i nev­er said that we should cel­e­brate mawlid and for­get the beloved prophet’s mes­sage. what we should do is live accord­ing to the prophet’s mes­sage, and he who likes to show hap­pi­ness over the prophet’s birth on a date which is agreed upon by the mass­es of the mus­lims and their schol­ars as his birth, then he should do so, with­in the con­fines of the shari­ah. nobody here dis­agrees that we should show hap­pi­ness for every aspect of his life and teachings.

    are these two things (celebrating/​commemorating the prophet’s birth on 12th rabi­ul aww­al with­out imi­tat­ing chris­tians and oth­er kuf­far, and fol­low­ing the prophet’s mes­sage) two mutu­al­ly exclu­sive things to you ? does doing one nec­es­sar­i­ly pre­clude the oth­er ? broth­ers, in fact they are com­pli­men­ta­ry, as many of the mus­lims who cel­e­brate the mawlid fol­low the prophet’s teach­ings with love in their heart for him, peace be upon him, and Allah Almighty.

    of course some of our brethren are in just for the fun of it, and some­times things pro­scribed by the shari­ah are indeed com­mit­ted. but that is my point in men­tion­ing that i have seen mus­lims in my place who cel­e­brate the 2 eids by drink­ing wine and danc­ing to dis­co music. let’s say that cry­ing out ya muham­mad’ and call­ing on pirs and dead walis are bidaa. does that mean that cel­e­brat­ing the prophet’s birth and liv­ing accord­ing to his teach­ings are bidaa as well ?

    regard­ing the 3 ele­ments of tawhid, why lim­it it to 3 ele­ments only, broth­er ? why did not the prophet, peace be upon him, explain it that way ? isn’t it read­ing into his inten­tion as well ? why don’t we have tawhid of cre­ation, tawhid of mer­cy, tawhid of lord­ship, tawhid of omnipres­ence, tawhid of omnipo­tence, etc ? yet the prophet insist­ed on explain­ing tawhid as la ila­ha ila Allah, Muham­madur Rasul Allah’. isn’t this a reli­gious bidaa, to arbi­trar­i­ly explain that there are only three parts of tawhid, and not 99 or a million?isn’t it bet­ter to take each of the 99 names of God as a por­tion’ of tawhid, instead of just three ? would­n’t it lim­it bidaa more, since there are now 99 lim­i­ta­tions to shirk, instead of just three ? we could stretch this to absur­di­ty. but the truth is, it was not done by the salaf, and it is a read­ing by imam ibn taymiyyah, which was emu­lat­ed by muham­mad ibn adul wahhab.

    pre­serv­ing the reli­gion’s most holy text in a man­ner which the prophet did not do, but which he could have ordered to be done, isn’s this a reli­gious bidaa, but a good bidaa ? same goes with the branch­es of islam­ic knowl­edge. of course, you may be averse to the term bidaa’ or even good bidaa’ for these nec­es­sary things, but that is the point. there is actu­al­ly no use on argu­ing over names. a rose, if called by any oth­er name, would smell just as sweet, as juli­et says. but the truth remains that these things were not prac­ticed or done by our prophet and the com­pan­ions, but the mus­lims had the audac­i­ty’ to inno­vate’ these because they are nec­es­sary and help the religion.

    the links broth­er dan­ny post­ed answers much of your con­tentions, broth­ers khalid and imran. how­ev­er, let me direct you to a link which shows that our enlight­ened Islam­ic schol­ars, even imam ibn taymiyyah, approved of mawlid, if prac­ticed with­in the shari­ah and with­out bidaa, which you right­ly condemn :

    http://​www​.living​is​lam​.org/​n​/​m​w​l​d​_​e​.​h​tml

    you can also check out shaykh gib­ril fouad had­dad’s response to mufti taqi usman­i’s fat­wa against mawlid, as it touch­es on many of the points we are bring­ing up.

    jazak Allah khayr.

  5. Khalid

    —-Khal­i­fa uth­man had the ?audac­i­ty ? to com­pile the holy qur?an in one vol­ume, even though it was not done dur­ing the prophet?s lifetime — — —
    This is not a reli­gious prac­tice. Com­pil­ing mate­r­i­al is not an inno­va­tion. Com­pil­ing aha­dith is not an inno­va­tion either. We are not cre­at­ing a new prac­tice we are sim­ply pre­serv­ing the Islam­ic sources.
     — — and shaykh-un naj­di, muham­mad ibn abdul wah­hab, had the audac­i­ty to explain tawhid in three parts, even though it was not done by the prophet, or dur­ing the prophet?s life­time, even though nobody explained tawhid more clear­ly than Prophet Muham­mad, sal­lal­lahu alay­hi wa salaam. — –
    The Qur’an itself shows the three com­po­nents of Tawhid. And clas­si­fi­ca­tion in and of itself is not a bida’h. We have clas­si­fied Islam­ic sci­ences — fiqh, Uloom Al-Qur’an, aqeedah, etc. etc. Yet these were nev­er around at the time of the Prophet either. Clas­sif­ca­tion is not a bidah.

  6. Khalid

    Salaa­mu alaykum br. aian jaafar,
    With regard to the claim that this prac­tice is based on the Prophet’s fast­ing on mon­days — who under­stood the Prophet’s prac­tices bet­ter : you or the noble Saha­ba ? If they, and the lead­ing Mus­lim schol­ars, nev­er cel­e­brat­ed the Prophet’s birth­day, then how can you claim that this is what the hadith means ?

    And you say we should have hap­pi­ness for the Prophet’s birth­day — my ques­tion to you — why not show hap­pi­ness for the Prophet’s mes­sage, for every aspect of his life ? Why cre­ate a new prac­tice that the most noble gen­er­a­tion nev­er practiced ?

    Jaza­kAllah khayr.

  7. Imran

    the sahabah used to say, ?ya muham­mad ? even after the prophet?s death. and even if they did not, that was not the point. do you think the prophet, sal­lal­lahu alay­hi wa salaam, hears us when we send salaams upon him dur­ing salaah ?

    I believe it is more like a duaa for him.If it were like 2 peo­ple giv­ing each oth­er salaam, then when the cam­pan­ions reached to the part asala­mualay­ka ayuhan­abiyu” prophet (pbuh) would of respond­ed back walaikumsalaam.“But there is no proof for any of this, is there ? do you have even one authen­tic nar­ra­tion in the saheeh col­lec­tions that says the saha­ba said ya muham­mad” when they were in mad­i­na and he (pbuh) was in Mecca ?

  8. aian jaafar

    as salaa­mu alaykum wa rah­matu allah,

    broth­er dan­ny, you got to the point of the mat­ter, and what you said was true. Broth­er Khalid should be remind­ed that the Prophet him­self, sal­lal­lahu alay­hi wa salaam, cel­e­brat­ed his birth­day by fast­ing on mondays.

    to broth­er Imran : in the philip­pines, i have seen mus­lims danc­ing to dis­co music and con­sum­ing wine, sup­pos­ed­ly in cel­e­bra­tion of eid ul fitr and eid ul adha. should i also label mus­lims eid ul adha and eid ul fitr defend­ers’, for defend­ing bidaas’ such as eid ul fitr and eid ul adha ?

    dis­re­spect of holy men is the root prob­lem. it began in jan­nah when iblis, whom the prophet called shaykh-un najdi’(for tak­ing the form of a sheikh from najd when he went in pur­suit of the prophet dur­ing the hijrah), refused to bow down to prophet adam.

    the sahabah used to say, ya muham­mad’ even after the prophet’s death. and even if they did not, that was not the point. do you think the prophet, sal­lal­lahu alay­hi wa salaam, hears us when we send salaams upon him dur­ing salaah ?

    and yes, the sahabah loved him more than any­body else, espe­cial­ly more than those of the dev­il’s horn, that’s why the sahabah sang poet­ry in his hon­our dur­ing his mawlid when he was alive.

    Khal­i­fa uth­man had the audac­i­ty’ to com­pile the holy qur’an in one vol­ume, even though it was not done dur­ing the prophet’s life­time. and shaykh-un naj­di, muham­mad ibn abdul wah­hab, had the audac­i­ty to explain tawhid in three parts, even though it was not done by the prophet, or dur­ing the prophet’s life­time, even though nobody explained tawhid more clear­ly than Prophet Muham­mad, sal­lal­lahu alay­hi wa salaam.

    and last­ly, broth­er khalid and broth­er imran, let’s say that call­ing upon pirs and dead walis and cry­ing out ya muham­mad’ are bidaa. is express­ing hap­pi­ness toward the holy prophet’s birth­day bidaa ?

    and Allah knows best.

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